Japan says China-linked hackers MirrorFace targeted defence and space agencies

Japan on Wednesday linked more than 200 cyberattacks over the past five years targeting the country’s national security and high technology data to a Chinese hacking group, MirrorFace, detailing their tactics and calling on government agencies and businesses to reinforce preventive measures.

The National Police Agency (NPA) said its analysis on the targets, methods and infrastructure of the cyberattacks by MirrorFace from 2019 to 2024 concluded they were systematic attacks linked to China with an aim of stealing data on Japanese national security and advanced technology.

The targets of the Chinese government-led cyberattacks included Japan’s Foreign and Defence ministries, the country’s space agency and individuals including politicians, journalists, private companies and think tanks related to advanced technology, the NPA said.

Experts have repeatedly raised concerns about the vulnerability of Japan’s cybersecurity, especially as the country steps up its defence capabilities and works more closely with the United States and other partners to strengthen cyber defences. Japan has taken steps, but experts say more work is needed.

MirrorFace sent emails with attachments containing malware to targeted organizations and individuals to view data saved on computers mainly from December 2019 to July 2023, often from Gmail and Microsoft Outlook addresses using stolen identities, the NPA investigation found.

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The emails typically used as subjects keywords such as “Japan-US alliance,” “Taiwan Strait,” “Russia-Ukraine war” and “free and open Indo-Pacific,” and included an invitation for a study panel, references and a list of panellists, the NPA said.